25 minutes of Yoga may boost energy levels

Hatha yoga is one of the most common styles of yoga practiced in Western countries.

It involves physical postures and breathing exercises combined with meditation. Mindfulness mediation involves observing thoughts, emotions and body sensations with openness and acceptance.

The study found that practicing Hatha yoga or mindfulness meditation for a brief session per day can boost the brain's executive functions, cognitive abilities linked to goal-directed behavior and the ability to control knee-jerk emotional responses, habitual thinking patterns and actions.

"Hatha yoga and mindfulness meditation both focus the brain's conscious processing power on a limited number of targets like breathing and posing, and also reduce processing of nonessential information," said Peter Hall, associate professor at University of Waterloo in Canada.

"These two functions might have some positive carryover effect in the near-term following the session, such that people are able to focus more easily on what they choose to attend to in everyday life," Hall said.

Thirty-one study participants completed 25 minutes of Hatha yoga, 25 minutes of mindfulness meditation, and 25 minutes of quiet reading (a control task) in randomised order.

Following both the yoga and meditation activities, participants performed significantly better on executive function tasks compared to the reading task.

"This finding suggests that there may be something special about meditation – as opposed to the physical posing – that carries a lot of the cognitive benefits of yoga," said Kimberley Luu, lead author of the study published in the journal Mindfulness.

The study also found that mindfulness meditation and Hatha yoga were both effective for improving energy levels, but Hatha yoga had significantly more powerful effects than meditation alone.

"There are a number of theories about why physical exercises like yoga improve energy levels and cognitive test performance," said Luu.

"These include the release of endorphins, increased blood flow to the brain, and reduced focus on ruminative thoughts.Though ultimately, it is still an open question," she said.

"Although the meditative aspect might be even more important than the physical posing for improving executive functions, there are additional benefits to Hatha yoga including improvements in flexibility and strength," said Hall.

"These benefits may make Hatha yoga superior to meditation alone, in terms of overall health benefits," he said.

Hatha refers to the physical practice of yoga, so any poses that involve reaching, bending, twisting, balancing or squeezing your body falls into this category. This physical practice is distinct from the breath work and meditation that are also part of a comprehensive yoga practice.

Many Hatha poses improve your core strength – that's the center of your body, consisting of the spine, abs and hips. A strong core keeps you functional and wards off injury; it also improves your performance in sports and fitness. Poses such as Boat, Plank and Downward-Facing dog strengthen your external obliques; Chair and Warrior I target your buttocks; and Chair and the half-lift improve the strength in your paraspinals, which are the muscles surrounding your spine and assist when you twist and bend.

When practiced regularly, Hatha yoga poses improve multiple aspects important to physical fitness. As revealed in a study published in a 2001 issue of Preventive Cardiology, a minimum of two yoga classes attended per week for eight weeks improved oxygen uptake, muscular strength and endurance and joint mobility.